Hector's Dolphin

Description

One of the smallest and rarest marine dolphins in the world. Easily recognized by its distinctive rounded, Mickey Mouse-ear shaped dorsal fin — unique among all dolphin species. Pale grey body with black and white markings and a crescent-shaped black mark that runs between the eyes and blowhole.

Senses

Hector's Dolphins produce clicks only at frequencies above 100 kHz — much higher than the human limit of 20 kHz. This narrow-band, high-frequency echolocation may make their signals harder for killer whales to detect.

Communication

Hector's Dolphins use high-frequency clicks for both echolocation and communication. They produce fewer and simpler calls than larger dolphin species.

Hunting & Diet

Hunt in small groups, feeding on schooling fish and squid. They feed cooperatively, working together to corner fish schools in shallow coastal waters.

Reproduction

Gestation

Approximately 10–12 months. Hector's Dolphins give birth every two to four years — one of the lowest reproductive rates of any small dolphin.

Birth

Calves are 23–31 inches long and weigh approximately 17–22 lbs at birth. Born tail-first, usually in spring and summer (October–February).

Calves

Young calves stay very close to their mothers and are rarely out of touching distance for the first year. Calves are weaned at approximately 6–12 months.

Sexual Maturity

Female Hector's Dolphins reach maturity at around 7 to 9 years; males between 6 and 9 years. Population recovery from mortality events is measured in decades.

Social Structure

Found in groups of up to five individuals — among the smallest consistent group sizes of any dolphin. Mothers and calves are the most stable social unit.

Athleticism & Speed

Juvenile Hector's Dolphins bow-ride and approach boats readily; mothers with calves are cautious and avoid vessels.

Unusual Facts

Young Hector's dolphins are reported to engage in games, blow bubbles, and toss objects — signs of intelligence and play. The round dorsal fin is completely unique in the dolphin world.

Lifespan & Threats

19–20 years. Primary threats: set net entanglement, trawl bycatch, boat strikes, pollution, and disease. Maui's Dolphin has fewer than 50 adults remaining.